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家庭醫學年度健康檢查 : 常見健康檢查項目及一般參考Family health assessment: individual needs

了解相關健康問題、何時求醫,以及到診前可準備的資料。Understand the topic, when to seek care and what information to prepare for a consultation.

可與醫生討論的十個評估範疇Ten assessment areas to discuss

以下為討論範圍,並非每位人士都需要全部檢查;是否安排須按症狀、病歷及風險決定。These are discussion areas, not a mandatory test package. Selection depends on symptoms, history and risks.

  • 血壓Blood pressure
  • 血糖Blood glucose
  • 血脂Blood lipids
  • BMI及腰圍BMI and waist circumference
  • 心理健康Mental health
  • 視力及聽力Vision and hearing
  • 骨質健康Bone health
  • 合適癌症篩查Appropriate cancer screening
  • 皮膚病變評估Assessment of skin changes
  • 疫苗紀錄檢視Vaccination record review

長者健康與防跌問答Healthy ageing and fall prevention

年紀大,行動變慢或容易疲倦一定正常嗎?Are slower movement and tiredness always normal ageing?
新出現、持續或影響自理能力的變化值得評估。覆診時說明症狀、藥物、睡眠、飲食及活動變化,勿只歸因於年齡。New, persistent changes or difficulty with daily tasks deserve assessment. Discuss symptoms, medicines, sleep, diet and activity rather than assuming age is the only cause.
長者跌倒後沒有傷口,仍需要求醫嗎?Should an older person seek care after a fall without a wound?
如有明顯疼痛或活動困難,即使看不到傷口也應盡快求醫。亦可與醫護檢視平衡、視力、藥物及家居照明、障礙物等防跌因素。Seek prompt care for significant pain or difficulty moving even without a visible wound. Review balance, vision, medicines, lighting and obstacles with healthcare professionals.

參考:香港衞生署健康資訊Reference: Hong Kong Department of Health

營養與飲食問答Nutrition and diet questions

長者食慾差或無故消瘦應怎麼辦?What if an older person has poor appetite or unintended weight loss?
記錄食量、體重變化、咀嚼或吞嚥困難及用藥。持續食慾差或無故消瘦應安排醫護評估,避免只靠補充品處理。Record food intake, weight changes, chewing or swallowing difficulties and medicines. Persistent poor appetite or unintended weight loss needs assessment rather than relying only on supplements.
有三高,應怎樣準備飲食查詢?How should I prepare for dietary advice with the three highs (high blood pressure, blood glucose and cholesterol)?
帶備血壓及驗血記錄、藥物資料和數天飲食記錄,討論份量、鹽、糖及脂肪攝取。個人飲食安排須考慮其他疾病及用藥;可先向診所查詢營養專業人員或轉介安排。Bring blood pressure and blood-test records, medicine details and a few days of food records. Discuss portions, salt, sugar and fat. Dietary plans depend on other conditions and medicines; ask the clinic about nutrition professionals or referral arrangements.

參考:衞生署長者飲食資訊Reference: Department of Health eating information

同一家人的年齡、病歷及需要可以不同,沒有一套檢查適合所有家庭成員。兒童、成人及長者的安排應分別與相關醫護討論。Family members differ in age, history and needs. One set of tests does not suit the whole family. Discuss arrangements for children, adults and older people individually with the appropriate professional.

與醫護討論甚麼?What can I discuss with a healthcare professional?

可為每位家人整理主要疑問、用藥、過敏及已有紀錄。請先確認接診者、服務範圍、時間及收費;不要把一人的建議、藥物或檢查計劃直接套用於其他人。Prepare each person’s questions, medicines, allergies and available records. Confirm the professional, scope, timing and fees. Do not apply one person’s advice, medicines or test plan to another.

年度健康檢查Health checks: discuss purpose and limitations

健康檢查應按年齡、病歷及個人風險討論,並非項目越多越好。檢查有其限制;正常結果不能排除所有疾病。Discuss health checks in relation to age, history and personal risks. More tests are not necessarily better. Tests have limitations, and normal results cannot rule out every disease.

預約前可問:檢查的目的及限制是甚麼?需要甚麼準備?費用包括哪些項目?由誰解釋結果?如已有不適,應說明症狀,讓醫護決定是否需要另行診症。Before booking, ask about purpose, limitations, preparation, included costs and who will explain results. Mention current symptoms so a clinician can determine whether a separate consultation is appropriate.

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